AI-BASED DYNAMIC PREDICTION OF CARDIOVASCULAR RISK IN RHEUMATOLOGIC PATIENTS: INTEGRATION OF CLINICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL MARKERS
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory rheumatologic diseases are increasingly recognized as systemic disorders with profound cardiovascular implications. Among these conditions, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and reactive arthritis (ReA) are associated with a markedly elevated risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality compared with the general population. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate that patients with RA experience cardiovascular events at rates comparable to those observed in diabetes mellitus, a condition traditionally classified as a major cardiovascular risk equivalent. Reactive arthritis, although often episodic, also contributes to long-term vascular vulnerability through persistent immune activation and inflammatory cascades. The excess cardiovascular burden observed in these populations cannot be fully explained by traditional risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, and obesity. Instead, systemic inflammation acts as an independent driver of accelerated atherosclerosis, endothelial dysfunction, and vascular remodeling.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
- Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.
- The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
Notices:
You do not have to comply with the license for elements of the material in the public domain or where your use is permitted by an applicable exception or limitation .
No warranties are given. The license may not give you all of the permissions necessary for your intended use. For example, other rights such as publicity, privacy, or moral rights may limit how you use the material.
